BIO.SIS

Sviluppo di un sistema per la produzione integrata di biodiesel da produzioni agricole

e dallo sfruttamento dei sottoprodotti

Anaptuxh enoV susthmatoV gia thn oloklhrwmenh paragwgh tou biontizel, apo agrotikeV paragwgeV

kai apo thn ekmetalleush twn paraproiontwn

Codice Progetto: I2101020

Titolo del progetto: BIO.SIS

BIOSIS: Tecnikh kartela tou ergou

Shmera einai eurewV apodekto oti h exarthsh twn eqnikwn oikonomiwn tou petrelaiou

ferei, se makru croniko diasthma, se mia mikroterh antagwnistikothta thV biomhcaniaV, me pio arga pososta oikonomikhV anaptuxhV, me pio uyhla pososta plhqwrismou kai me auxhsh thV anisothtaV metaxu twn cwrwn. Auto sumbainei eidika exaitiaV thV abebaiothtaV kai thV astaqeiaV pou carakthrizei thn agora tou petrelaiou. H anaptuxh kai h kalutereush twn kainouriwn tecnologiwn, scetika me tiV phgeV thV ananewsimhV energeiaV einai mia kentrikh politikh thV EurwphV, me megalh shmasia. Me auth thn politikh meiwnetai h exarthsh twn xenwn oikonomiwn, auxanetai o prwtarcikoV tomeaV kai sugcronwV, h prostasia tou periballontoV. To gegonoV pwV h Ellada(sumfwname thn EuroStat) einai teleutaia anamesa stiV cwreV thV EE sth crhsh kai thn anaptuxhtwn phgwn thV ananewsimhV energeiaV, akoma kai an katecei enan apo touV deikteV entasewV thV pio yhlhV energeiaV(katanalwsh energeiaV me monada proiontoV), odhgei semia eidika arnhtikh katastash gia thn anaptuxh kai thn antagwnistikothta thV ellhnikhV biomhcaniaV. H exarthsh thV ellhnikhV oikonomiaV apo to petrelaio odhgei se miaoikonomikh astaqeia ofeilomenh sto arnhtiko apotelesma, mesaiaV kai makrinhV diarkeiaV, thV astaqeiaV pou carakthrizei thn pagkosmia petrelaiofora agora. H Italia,antiqetwV, fainetai eidika energh sto na exelissei kai sto na crhsimopoiei tiV tecnologieV tou biokausimou, eidika tou biontizel.Mazi me Germania, Gallia kai Austria einai oi basikoi paragwgoi tou biontizel sthn Eurwph. H Italia pragmatopoihse kai thn apaitoumenh upodomh gia th dianomh tou biontizel kai mporei na ekmetalleutei thn anaptuxh twn biotecnologikwn meqodwn kai twn oloklhrwmenwn susthmatwn paragwghV biontizel apo ta kallierghmena futa me energhtiko skopo, me thn olikh crhsimopoihsh twn upoloipwn paraproiontwn.To proteinomeno ergo einai sunepwV sumfwno me to stoco pio panw dhlwmeno thV EE, afou stocazei sthn anaptuxh enoV susthmatoV gia thn oloklhrwmenh paragwgh biontizel apo ta kallierghmena futa me energhtiko skopo, me thn axiopoihsh tou paraproiontoV. To scedio qa sumferei sto na isorrophsei thn anaptuxh twn diaforwn oikonomikwn tomewn twn perifereiwn kai apoteleitai apo tiV epomeneV drasthriothteV:

Δράση 1: Συμβατική και βιολογική καλλιέργεια ενεργειακών φυτών για παραγωγή βιομάζας

Gia ta kallierghmena energeiaka futa, poikilieV tou glukou sorgou(Sorghum bicolor L Moench) kai tou sporou thV elaiokrambhV(Brassica napus L), qa analuqei h piqanothta tou na efarmostei ena susthma peristrofhV twn sugkomidwn,parallhla oi ereunhteV kai oi kalliergoi qa ekpaideutoun gia th crhsh biologikwn paragwgikwn diadikasiwn sumfwna thn odhgia thV EE 2092/91. H efarmogh tou biologikou susthmatoV kalliergeiaV ekproswpei mia kainotomia kai qa sumferei sth meiwsh twn kostwn, sthn kalutereush thV poiothtaV tou proiontoV kai thn prostasia tou periballontoV. Epipleon, h teleiopoihsh tou peristrefomenou susthmatoV qa epitreyei th reastikh ektimhsh tou exasfalismenou proiontoV(me monada agrotikou edafouV) kai tou problepomenou kostouV twn prwtwn crhsimopoihmenwn ulwn gia thn paragwgh tou biokausimou. Sthn Apoulia ta crhsima energhtika futa opwV h braskh, to zacaroteutlo kai o
hlianqoV kalliergountai basika gia tiV diatrofikeV paragwgeV kai epi tou parontoV
einai ligo diadedomenh. H energopoihsh ²bioenerghtikwn agrotikwn seirwn² mporei na auxhsei sthn Apoulia thn ¢entatikh¢ touV paragwgh kai se scesh me tiV odhgieV thV EE(Odhg. 2003/30) pou enqarrunei entona th crhsh twn bio-kausimwn. O stocoV qa pragmatopoihqei mesw thV ektimhshV thV piqanothtaV na efarmostei kai se auth thn perifereia ena teleiopoihmeno peristrefomeno susthma twn sugkomidwn gia ta futika eidh hdh se paragwgh, mazi me alla kainouriaV eisagwghV opwV gia paradeigma h sogia, eurewV peiramatizomenh se diaforeV perioceV kai/h¢ tupikeV thV mesogeiakhV periochV.

Δράση 2: Βιοτεχνολογική παραγωγή βιοντήζελ από γλυκό σόργο και αξιοποίηση των παραπροϊόντων

Apo th biomaza pou apoktoume apo to sorgo, ta zumwsima sustatika(sakcara, klp) qa ekculistoun se pilotikh efarmogh kai to biontizel qa paracqei mesw miaV neaV biotecnologikhV meqodou. Auth h meqodoV sunistatai sth biologikh metatroph twn sakcarwn se triglukeridia kai lipidiwn mesw thV crhshV enoV mikrorganismou pou paragei elaio kai h epomenh metatroph twn triglukeridiwn se mequlikouV estereV. O stopoV autwn twn diadikasiwn qa einai h paragwgh tou biontizel poiothtoV.

Δράση  3: Πιλοτική εφαρμογή μονάδας παραγωγής βιοντήζελ

Oi proteinomeneV tecnologieV qa anaptucqoun se egkatastaseiV se epipedo ergasthriako/pilotikh efarmogh, kai qa crhsimopoihqoun epishV gia touV skopouV ekpaideushV, eite kata th diarkeia tou scediou eite meta th scetikh oloklhrwsh. Auth h douleia qa sumferei shmantika sth diadosh thV tecnologiaV. O basikoV stocoV thV pilotikhV efarmoghV einai h teleiopoihsh thV paragwghV tou biontizel eite me sumbatikeV tecnikeV(metesteropoihsh) eite me tiV biotecnologieV, o carakthrismoV twn telikwn proiontwn se leitourgia me tiV crhsimopoihmeneV prwteV uleV kai gia na epitreyoun mia oloklhrwmenh, oikonomikh,tecnikh ektimhsh.

Δράση 4: Αξιοποίηση παραπροϊόντων των διεργασιών παραγωγής βιοντήζελ

H axiopistia thV melethV thV olikhV dunatothtaV kai h scetikh thV pragmatopoihsh sto makrino croniko diasthma qa exarthqei axioshmeiwta apo thnanaptuxh twn crhsimopoihmenwn tecnologiwn gia thn epistrofh kai ektimhsh twn paraproiontwn. Gia paradeigma h glukerolh, basiko paraproion tou biontizel, mporei na crhsimopoihqei ammesa meta thn apospash h¢ san phgh anqraka gia tiV biotecnologikeV diadikasieV stiV farmakeutikeV kai kalluntikeV biomhcanieV (paradeigma oi  d-lattone, linoleiko oxu, klp.) h¢ alla proionta me uyhlh prosqeth axia(propandiol1.3, kitriko oxu, klp.) san oloklhrwteV gia th zwikh diatrofh, agrotikoi beltiwteV. H glukerolh meta mporei na metatrapei apo ena mikrobiko eidoV kairoskopika dialegmeno gia thn paragwgh elaiwn. Me auton ton tropo, o kukloV thV oloklhrwmenhV paragwghV tou biontizel, qa eprepe dunhtika na akurwsei thn apwleia anqraka kai na elacistopoihsei thn paragwgh aporrimmatwn.

Δράση 5: Υποδομή για χαρακτηρισμό του βιοντήζελ

Ta deigmata tou paragmenou elaiou qa analuqoun gia na ektimhqei poosotika kai poiotika to periecomeno se lipidia. Gia to carakthrismo tou Biontizel qa efarmostoun protupopoihmeneV procwrhmeneV tecnikeV(ISO, ASTM).

Sumfwna me ta pagkosmia standard, sta deigmata tou biontizel qa metrhqoun oi  epomenoi parametroi: periecomeno esterwn, glukerolhV, meqanolhV, udriko periecomeno, stoiceia periecwn qeion(stactu), Mg, Ca, Na, K, puknothta(15°C), gloiothta(40°C), ariqmo ketanhV, ariqmo iwdiou, flash point, kampulh apostaxhV.

Δράση 6: Σχεδιασμός και τεχνικοοικονομική μελέτη ολοκληρωμένου συστήματος

Ta paragmena dedomena apo tiV sumbatikeV kai biologikeV meqodouV kalliergeiaV energeiakwn futwn, ta paragmena dedomena apo tiV sumbatikeV kai biotecnologikeV meqodouV paragwghV biontizel, apo thn axiopoihsh twn paraproiontwn, qa ekmetalleutoun gia na analuqoun kai na sugkriqoun enallaktika senaria. Apo auto qa proelqoun oi seireV odhghshV gia ena eidiko epipedo drashV basismeno se mia oloklhrwmenh tecniko-oikonomikh meleth gia thn egkatastash kai thn askhshtwn monadwn paragwghV biontizel stiV perioceV efarmoghV autou tou ergou.

Δράση 7: Εκπαίδευση επιστημόνων και παραγωγών

To ergo problepei ena ekpaideutiko programma, se suntonismo me touV allouV partner, gia mia kainouria oyh twn eidikwn episthmonwn stiV tecnologieV thV paragwghV biontizel, emploutismeno apo th crhsh miaV pilotikhV egkatastashV, anaptugmenh ston tomea thV ChmikhV MhcanikhV sto Panepisthmio Patrwn. H ekpaideush qa stoceusei sto na auxhqei h gnwsh twn enallaktikwn tecnologiwn giathn paragwgh biontizel kai opwV se ergasthrio elegcetai h poiothta tou proiontoV. Oi ekpaideuteV qa enhmerwqoun gia na antimetwpisoun tiV proklhseiV kai ta problhmata, pou einai sundeomena me thn paragwgh kai thn apoqhkeush tou biontizel. H ekpaideush qa oloklhrwqei me thn oikonomikh pleura thV diadikasiaV. Oi ekpaideuteV qa mporousan na einai, gia to prwto enhmerwtiko stadio, o foiththV kai maqhteV se teleiopoihsh sta Panepisthmia pou summetecoun sto programma, enw gia to deutero stadio qa mporousan na proercontai apo alla Panepisthmia kai dhmotikeV, alla kai idiwtikeV organwseiV. Epipleon, h protash ecei thn prwtotupia na stocazei sth biologikh odo gia tiV kalliergeieV paragwghV energeiaV.EpisthmoneV kai paragwgoi pou qa fortwqoun thn kalliergeia me biologikeV meqodouV, qa ekpaideutoun gia th crhsh tecnikwn biologikhV kalliergeiaV sumfwna me ton koinotiko kanonismo 2092/ 91. H ekpaideush qa periecei seireV odhghshV gia th biologikh kalliergeia twn sugkomidwn gia paragwgh energeiaV me praktikh pilotikh efarmogh twn kalliergeiwn.

Δράση 8: Ανάπτυξη Έυρω-Μεσογειακού κέντρου επιστήμης και μεταφοράς τεχνολογίας για τα βιοκαύσιμα (ΕΒΚ)

To prwto bhma gia thn uposthriximh anaptuxh twn biokausimwn sthn Eurw-Meso-geiakh lekanh apoteleitai apo th sugkrothsh enoV topikou diktuou pou arcika mporei na egkatastaqei sthn Italia, sto tmhma biologikwn, periballontikwn episthmwn kai tecnologiwn tou Panepisthmiou tou Letse(Di.S.Te.B.A) kai sthn Ellada sto tmhma  ChmikhV MhcanikhV tou Panepisthmiou Patrwn. To kaqhkon tou diktuou einai na paragei strathgikeV gia th metafora thV tecnologiaV twn biokausimwn eite sto italiko kratoV eite sto ellhniko, enhmerwnontaV kai bazontaV se diaqesimothta ta kainouria dedomena apo tiV meqodouV paradosiakhV kai biologikhV kalliergeiaV twn energhtikwn futwn, ta apokthmena dedomena apo ton peiramatismo twn sumbatikwn kai biotecnologikwn meqodwn gia thn paragwgh biontizel kai thn axiopoihsh twn paraproiontwn.

Δράση 9: Ενέργειες διάδοσης των αποτελεσμάτων του έργου

O skopoV authV thV drashV einai h diafhmish twn apotelesmatwn kai ta ammesa kai emmesa pleonekthmata tou ergou, me mia prospaqeia euaisqhtopoihshV thV dhmotikhV dieuqunshV twn grafeiwn sunergasiaV.

BasikoV oroV gia thn epiteuxh twn epikoinwniakwn stocwn:

· H dhmiourgia miaV anagnwrisimhV kai qetikhV eikonaV thV BIOSIS

· H paragwgh enoV basikou mhnumatoV- uposceshV gia to koinoniko ofeloV thV

pragmatopoihshV tou

· H epikoinwnia me to koino mesw thV glwssaV tou, me tiV idiothteV tou kai tiV
anagkeV tou

Δράση 10: Διαχείριση του προγράμματος

H oloklhrwmenh epitucia tou ergou exartatai apo th stenh sunergasia anamesa

stouV partner. O kaqe partner ecei mia shmantikh kai anexarthth summetoch na ekplhrwsei. Oi dhmiourgikeV apanthseiV qa zhthqoun anamesa stouV summeteconteVpanw se ola ta paketa ergasiaV tou ergou. H ikanothta tou na parqoun apofaseiV anamesa sta piqana kai enallaktika montela tou scediou, qa einai mia proteraiothta thV diaceirishV tou ergou. To Panepisthmio Patrwn qa dieuqunei to ergo kai qa einai upeuquno thV genikhV diaceirishV tou. O pio panw anaferomenoV qa einai upeuqunoV thV dioikhshV tou oloklhrwmenou ergou sumperilambanomenhV thV oikonomikhV diaceirishV, thV tecnikhV kai thV ereunaV, sumfwna me thn katastash thV poreiaV.